Case study of a major UK city

• Use one major UK city you have studied. Learn its location, migration, housing, retailing and transport with names, dates and figures.
• Suburbanisation is movement from the centre to the edge. Reasons include car ownership and good commuter rail.
• Deindustrialisation is the decline of manufacturing. A cause is that production moved overseas where costs were lower.
• Retail change (such as out-of-town centres and online shopping) can mean falling footfall and more empty shops in the city centre.
• Sustainable transport, such as a low emission zone, charges drivers of the most polluting vehicles. This means fewer enter, so air pollution falls.

Suburbanisation

The movement of people from the city centre to the edges.

Deindustrialisation

The decline of manufacturing industry.

Regeneration

Improving a run-down area with new investment.

Rural-urban fringe

The zone between a city's edge and the countryside.

Brownfield

Land that has been built on before.

• Explaining a positive impact of migration by saying how migrants benefit. The question asks about the city, such as workers filling job gaps.
• Explaining deindustrialisation by saying inner-city land was cleared for housing. The cause is mainly globalisation, cheaper costs overseas and new technology.
• Saying a transport scheme 'reduces pollution' without how. Say who is deterred and why fewer vehicles means less pollution.

6 questions, 8 marks. Answer, then press Check. The marking guide explains how the marks are worked out. Nothing is saved.