Pearson Edexcel GCSE (9-1) Geography B (1GB0) · Spec 5.1 and 5.2
The UK human landscape
Read the notes, then try the questions. Each one is marked the moment you press Check, and shows the right answer and why.
Key ideas
- Population density is the number of people per square kilometre. Distribution is the pattern of where people live. They are not the same.
- The UK is densely populated in cities and sparse in upland areas such as the Scottish Highlands. A big population can still have a low density if people are spread over a large area.
- Population structure is the age and sex make-up of a population, shown on a population pyramid.
- De-industrialisation is the decline of manufacturing. Growth of services, finance and IT has built a post-industrial economy.
- Globalisation has brought overseas competition for UK industry and foreign investment into the UK.
Key terms
- Population density
- The number of people per square kilometre.
- Distribution
- The pattern of where something is spread out.
- Conurbation
- A large urban area formed when towns and cities grow together.
- Post-industrial economy
- An economy based mainly on services, with few jobs in manufacturing.
- Globalisation
- Growing worldwide links in trade, communication and travel.
Common mistakes
- Treating density and distribution as the same thing.
- Saying population structure means how many people live in an area.
- Saying manufacturing jobs fell because of immigration. The causes are globalisation, automation and the growth of service industries.
Exam tip
A 3-mark Compare question wants paired points that mention both places or both sets of data, ideally with figures. Do not explain why they differ, because explaining earns nothing on Compare. Describe the relationship means name the pattern, then support it with data.
Free practice questions
7 questions, 14 marks. Answer, then press Check. The marking guide explains how the marks are worked out. Nothing is saved.
- Question 1 · Multiple choice[1 mark]
What is meant by population density?
- Question 2 · Fill the gaps[2 marks]
Population ___ is the number of people per square kilometre, found by dividing population by ___.
Word bank: density · area · distribution
- Question 3 · Matching[4 marks]
Match each term to its meaning.
- Question 4 · Sort into groups[3 marks]
Sort each item into the correct group.
Science parks
Coal mine closures
Software development
- Question 5 · Choose more than one[2 marks]
Which TWO are features of a post-industrial economy?
Choose 2.
- Question 6 · Put in order[1 mark]
Put these stages of UK economic change in order, earliest first.
Use the arrows to put these in the right order, first at the top.
- 1Overseas competition leads to factory closures
- 2Science and business parks grow on former industrial land
- 3Coal mines, shipyards and factories employ millions
- 4Services such as finance and IT become the main employers
- Question 7 · Multiple choice[1 mark]
Which is an example of globalisation?